course/backend/src/UoocProgress.Api/Services/PlatformWorkflowExecutor.cs

using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using UoocProgress.Api.Models;
using UoocProgress.Api.Options;

namespace UoocProgress.Api.Services;

public sealed class PlatformWorkflowExecutor(
    IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory,
    IOptions<UoocOptions> uoocOptions,
    TemplateResolver templateResolver,
    SimpleJsonPathService jsonPathService)
{
    private static readonly JsonSerializerOptions JsonOptions = new(JsonSerializerDefaults.Web);

    public IReadOnlyList<PlatformWorkflowStep> GetSteps(PlatformDefinition platform, PlatformWorkflowScope scope) =>
        platform.WorkflowSteps
            .Where(item => item.Scope == scope && item.IsEnabled)
            .OrderBy(item => item.DisplayOrder)
            .ToList();

    public string ResolveTemplate(string? template, WorkflowExecutionState state) =>
        templateResolver.Resolve(
            template,
            state.InputFields,
            state.SessionData,
            BuildContext(state.ContextValues),
            state.SessionData.StepOutputs);

    public async Task ExecuteLoginStepAsync(
        PlatformWorkflowStep step,
        WorkflowExecutionState state,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        switch (step.StepType)
        {
            case PlatformWorkflowStepType.SessionPassthrough:
                ApplyPassthroughStep(step, state);
                return;
            case PlatformWorkflowStepType.HttpRequest:
                await ExecuteHttpRequestStepAsync(step, state, cancellationToken);
                return;
            case PlatformWorkflowStepType.BrowserChallenge:
                throw new PlatformOperationException("浏览器挑战步骤需要由连接服务单独接管。");
            default:
                throw new PlatformOperationException($"不支持的平台步骤类型：{step.StepType}");
        }
    }

    public async Task<IReadOnlyList<CourseOptionDto>> QueryCourseOptionsAsync(
        PlatformDefinition platform,
        WorkflowExecutionState state,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        JsonNode? responseJson = null;
        CourseOptionMappingDto? mapping = null;
        var targetStepKey = platform.CourseQueryStepKey;

        foreach (var step in GetSteps(platform, PlatformWorkflowScope.CourseQuery))
        {
            var result = await ExecuteStepAsync(step, state, cancellationToken);
            var stepMapping = Deserialize<CourseOptionMappingDto>(step.CourseOptionMappingJson);
            var isTarget = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(targetStepKey)
                ? stepMapping is not null
                : step.StepKey.Equals(targetStepKey, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

            if (isTarget)
            {
                mapping = stepMapping ?? throw new PlatformOperationException("课程下拉来源步骤未配置课程映射。");
                responseJson = result.ResponseJson;
            }
        }

        if (mapping is null || responseJson is null)
        {
            throw new PlatformOperationException("平台未配置可用的课程下拉步骤。");
        }

        var items = new List<CourseOptionDto>();
        foreach (var node in jsonPathService.ResolveArray(responseJson, mapping.ItemsPath))
        {
            var label = jsonPathService.ResolveString(node, mapping.LabelPath)?.Trim();
            var value = jsonPathService.ResolveString(node, mapping.ValuePath)?.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(label) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            {
                continue;
            }

            items.Add(new CourseOptionDto(value, label));
        }

        return items;
    }

    public async Task<CatalogResponse> ReadCatalogAsync(
        PlatformDefinition platform,
        WorkflowExecutionState state,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        JsonNode? responseJson = null;
        CatalogMappingDto? mapping = null;

        foreach (var step in GetSteps(platform, PlatformWorkflowScope.Catalog))
        {
            var result = await ExecuteStepAsync(step, state, cancellationToken);
            var stepMapping = Deserialize<CatalogMappingDto>(step.CatalogMappingJson);
            if (stepMapping is not null)
            {
                responseJson = result.ResponseJson;
                mapping = stepMapping;
            }
        }

        if (mapping is null || responseJson is null)
        {
            throw new PlatformOperationException("平台未配置可用的章节目录步骤。");
        }

        var chapters = new List<CatalogChapterDto>();
        foreach (var chapterNode in jsonPathService.ResolveArray(responseJson, mapping.ChaptersPath))
        {
            var sections = new List<CatalogSectionDto>();
            foreach (var sectionNode in jsonPathService.ResolveArray(chapterNode, mapping.SectionsPath))
            {
                sections.Add(
                    new CatalogSectionDto(
                        jsonPathService.ResolveString(sectionNode, mapping.SectionIdPath) ?? string.Empty,
                        jsonPathService.ResolveString(sectionNode, mapping.SectionNumberPath) ?? string.Empty,
                        jsonPathService.ResolveString(sectionNode, mapping.SectionNamePath) ?? string.Empty,
                        jsonPathService.ResolveBoolean(sectionNode, mapping.SectionFinishedPath),
                        jsonPathService.ResolveBoolean(sectionNode, mapping.SectionLearningPath),
                        jsonPathService.ResolveString(sectionNode, mapping.SectionTaskIdPath) ?? string.Empty));
            }

            chapters.Add(
                new CatalogChapterDto(
                    jsonPathService.ResolveString(chapterNode, mapping.ChapterIdPath) ?? string.Empty,
                    jsonPathService.ResolveString(chapterNode, mapping.ChapterNumberPath) ?? string.Empty,
                    jsonPathService.ResolveString(chapterNode, mapping.ChapterNamePath) ?? string.Empty,
                    jsonPathService.ResolveBoolean(chapterNode, mapping.ChapterFinishedPath),
                    jsonPathService.ResolveBoolean(chapterNode, mapping.ChapterLearningPath),
                    sections));
        }

        return new CatalogResponse(
            state.ContextValues["courseId"],
            chapters,
            false,
            "upstream",
            null);
    }

    public async Task<UnitsResponse> ReadUnitsAsync(
        PlatformDefinition platform,
        WorkflowExecutionState state,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        JsonNode? responseJson = null;
        UnitMappingDto? mapping = null;

        foreach (var step in GetSteps(platform, PlatformWorkflowScope.Units))
        {
            var result = await ExecuteStepAsync(step, state, cancellationToken);
            var stepMapping = Deserialize<UnitMappingDto>(step.UnitMappingJson);
            if (stepMapping is not null)
            {
                responseJson = result.ResponseJson;
                mapping = stepMapping;
            }
        }

        if (mapping is null || responseJson is null)
        {
            throw new PlatformOperationException("平台未配置可用的资源读取步骤。");
        }

        var items = new List<UnitItemDto>();
        foreach (var itemNode in jsonPathService.ResolveArray(responseJson, mapping.ItemsPath))
        {
            var primarySourceUrl = jsonPathService.ResolveString(itemNode, mapping.VideoSourcePath);
            var primarySourceName = jsonPathService.ResolveString(itemNode, mapping.VideoSourceNamePath);
            items.Add(
                new UnitItemDto(
                    jsonPathService.ResolveString(itemNode, mapping.ItemIdPath) ?? string.Empty,
                    jsonPathService.ResolveString(itemNode, mapping.ItemTitlePath) ?? string.Empty,
                    jsonPathService.ResolveString(itemNode, mapping.ItemTypePath) ?? string.Empty,
                    jsonPathService.ResolveBoolean(itemNode, mapping.ItemFinishedPath),
                    !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(primarySourceUrl),
                    jsonPathService.ResolveDouble(itemNode, mapping.VideoPositionPath),
                    ResolveNullableDouble(itemNode, mapping.VideoLengthPath),
                    string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(primarySourceName) ? null : primarySourceName,
                    string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(primarySourceUrl) ? null : primarySourceUrl,
                    jsonPathService.ResolveInt(itemNode, mapping.DocumentCountPath),
                    [],
                    ""));
        }

        return new UnitsResponse(
            state.ContextValues["courseId"],
            state.ContextValues["chapterId"],
            state.ContextValues["sectionId"],
            items,
            false,
            "upstream",
            null);
    }

    private async Task<StepExecutionResult> ExecuteStepAsync(
        PlatformWorkflowStep step,
        WorkflowExecutionState state,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        switch (step.StepType)
        {
            case PlatformWorkflowStepType.SessionPassthrough:
                ApplyPassthroughStep(step, state);
                return new StepExecutionResult(null);
            case PlatformWorkflowStepType.HttpRequest:
                return await ExecuteHttpRequestStepAsync(step, state, cancellationToken);
            default:
                throw new PlatformOperationException("当前作用域不支持浏览器挑战步骤。");
        }
    }

    private async Task<StepExecutionResult> ExecuteHttpRequestStepAsync(
        PlatformWorkflowStep step,
        WorkflowExecutionState state,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var client = httpClientFactory.CreateClient("platform-workflow");
        var requestUrl = BuildRequestUrl(step, state);
        using var request = new HttpRequestMessage(new HttpMethod(step.HttpMethod), requestUrl);

        foreach (var header in ResolveStringMap(step.HeadersTemplateJson, state))
        {
            request.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation(header.Key, header.Value);
        }

        if (!request.Headers.Contains("Cookie") && state.SessionData.Cookies.Count > 0)
        {
            request.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation(
                "Cookie",
                string.Join("; ", state.SessionData.Cookies.Select(item => $"{item.Key}={item.Value}")));
        }

        var bodyNode = ResolveJsonNode(step.BodyTemplateJson, state);
        if (bodyNode is not null)
        {
            if (string.Equals(step.ContentType, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                request.Content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(ResolveFormValues(bodyNode));
            }
            else
            {
                request.Content = new StringContent(
                    bodyNode.ToJsonString(),
                    Encoding.UTF8,
                    string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(step.ContentType) ? "application/json" : step.ContentType);
            }
        }

        using var response = await client.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);
        if (response.StatusCode is HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized or HttpStatusCode.Forbidden)
        {
            throw new PlatformOperationException("平台会话已失效或登录已过期。", true);
        }

        if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            throw new PlatformOperationException($"平台接口返回了 {(int)response.StatusCode}。");
        }

        var responseText = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(cancellationToken);
        var responseJson = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(responseText)
            ? new JsonObject()
            : JsonNode.Parse(responseText);

        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(step.SuccessPath))
        {
            var actual = jsonPathService.ResolveString(responseJson, step.SuccessPath);
            if (!MatchesExpected(step.SuccessExpectedValue, actual))
            {
                if (LooksUnauthorized(actual))
                {
                    throw new PlatformOperationException(actual ?? "平台会话已失效。", true);
                }

                throw new PlatformOperationException(actual ?? $"{step.DisplayName} 未通过成功判定。");
            }
        }

        var responseHeaders = response.Headers
            .Concat(response.Content.Headers)
            .ToDictionary(
                item => item.Key,
                item => string.Join(", ", item.Value),
                StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

        var responseCookies = ExtractCookies(response);
        foreach (var cookie in responseCookies)
        {
            state.SessionData.Cookies[cookie.Key] = cookie.Value;
        }

        var stepOutputs = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        foreach (var mapping in DeserializeCookieMappings(step.OutputCookiesJson))
        {
            var value = ResolveExpression(mapping.Expression, state, responseJson, responseCookies, responseHeaders);
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            {
                state.SessionData.Cookies[mapping.Name] = value;
                stepOutputs[mapping.Name] = value;
            }
        }

        foreach (var mapping in DeserializeVariableMappings(step.OutputVariablesJson))
        {
            var value = ResolveExpression(mapping.Key == string.Empty ? string.Empty : mapping.Expression, state, responseJson, responseCookies, responseHeaders);
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            {
                state.SessionData.Outputs[mapping.Key] = value;
                stepOutputs[mapping.Key] = value;
            }
        }

        if (stepOutputs.Count > 0)
        {
            state.SessionData.StepOutputs[step.StepKey] = stepOutputs;
        }

        state.StepJson[step.StepKey] = responseJson;
        state.ResponseHeaders[step.StepKey] = responseHeaders;
        return new StepExecutionResult(responseJson);
    }

    private void ApplyPassthroughStep(PlatformWorkflowStep step, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        var stepOutputs = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

        foreach (var mapping in DeserializeCookieMappings(step.OutputCookiesJson))
        {
            var value = ResolveExpression(mapping.Expression, state, null, new Dictionary<string, string>(), new Dictionary<string, string>());
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            {
                state.SessionData.Cookies[mapping.Name] = value;
                stepOutputs[mapping.Name] = value;
            }
        }

        foreach (var mapping in DeserializeVariableMappings(step.OutputVariablesJson))
        {
            var value = ResolveExpression(mapping.Expression, state, null, new Dictionary<string, string>(), new Dictionary<string, string>());
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            {
                state.SessionData.Outputs[mapping.Key] = value;
                stepOutputs[mapping.Key] = value;
            }
        }

        if (stepOutputs.Count > 0)
        {
            state.SessionData.StepOutputs[step.StepKey] = stepOutputs;
        }
    }

    private Uri BuildRequestUrl(PlatformWorkflowStep step, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        var resolvedUrl = ResolveTemplate(step.UrlTemplate, state);
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(resolvedUrl))
        {
            throw new PlatformOperationException($"{step.DisplayName} 未配置请求地址。");
        }

        if (!Uri.TryCreate(resolvedUrl, UriKind.Absolute, out var uri))
        {
            uri = new Uri(new Uri(uoocOptions.Value.BaseUrl.TrimEnd('/') + "/"), resolvedUrl.TrimStart('/'));
        }

        var query = ResolveStringMap(step.QueryTemplateJson, state);
        if (query.Count == 0)
        {
            return uri;
        }

        var builder = new UriBuilder(uri);
        var queryString = string.Join(
            "&",
            query
                .Where(item => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item.Value))
                .Select(item => $"{Uri.EscapeDataString(item.Key)}={Uri.EscapeDataString(item.Value)}"));

        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(queryString))
        {
            return uri;
        }

        builder.Query = queryString;
        return builder.Uri;
    }

    private Dictionary<string, string> ResolveStringMap(string? json, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(json))
        {
            return new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        }

        var node = JsonNode.Parse(json) as JsonObject
                   ?? throw new PlatformOperationException("请求模板 JSON 格式无效。");

        var resolved = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        foreach (var property in node)
        {
            if (property.Value is null)
            {
                continue;
            }

            resolved[property.Key] = ResolveNodeToString(property.Value, state);
        }

        return resolved;
    }

    private JsonNode? ResolveJsonNode(string? json, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(json))
        {
            return null;
        }

        JsonNode node;
        try
        {
            node = JsonNode.Parse(json) ?? JsonValue.Create(string.Empty)!;
        }
        catch
        {
            return JsonValue.Create(ResolveTemplate(json, state));
        }

        return ResolveJsonNode(node, state);
    }

    private JsonNode ResolveJsonNode(JsonNode node, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        return node switch
        {
            JsonObject jsonObject => ResolveObject(jsonObject, state),
            JsonArray jsonArray => ResolveArray(jsonArray, state),
            JsonValue jsonValue => ResolveValue(jsonValue, state),
            _ => node.DeepClone()
        };
    }

    private JsonObject ResolveObject(JsonObject source, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        var target = new JsonObject();
        foreach (var property in source)
        {
            target[property.Key] = property.Value is null ? null : ResolveJsonNode(property.Value, state);
        }

        return target;
    }

    private JsonArray ResolveArray(JsonArray source, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        var target = new JsonArray();
        foreach (var item in source)
        {
            target.Add(item is null ? null : ResolveJsonNode(item, state));
        }

        return target;
    }

    private JsonNode ResolveValue(JsonValue value, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        if (value.TryGetValue<string>(out var stringValue))
        {
            return JsonValue.Create(ResolveTemplate(stringValue, state))!;
        }

        return value.DeepClone();
    }

    private string ResolveNodeToString(JsonNode node, WorkflowExecutionState state)
    {
        if (node is JsonValue jsonValue)
        {
            if (jsonValue.TryGetValue<string>(out var stringValue))
            {
                return ResolveTemplate(stringValue, state);
            }

            return node.ToJsonString().Trim('"');
        }

        return node.ToJsonString();
    }

    private IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string> BuildContext(IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string> source)
    {
        var context = new Dictionary<string, string>(source, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        context.TryAdd("uoocBaseUrl", uoocOptions.Value.BaseUrl.TrimEnd('/'));
        return context;
    }

    private string ResolveExpression(
        string expression,
        WorkflowExecutionState state,
        JsonNode? responseJson,
        IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string> responseCookies,
        IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string> responseHeaders)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(expression))
        {
            return string.Empty;
        }

        if (expression.Contains("{{", StringComparison.Ordinal))
        {
            return ResolveTemplate(expression, state);
        }

        if (expression.StartsWith("cookie:", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            var cookieName = expression["cookie:".Length..];
            return responseCookies.TryGetValue(cookieName, out var cookieValue) ? cookieValue : string.Empty;
        }

        if (expression.StartsWith("header:", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            var headerName = expression["header:".Length..];
            return responseHeaders.TryGetValue(headerName, out var headerValue) ? headerValue : string.Empty;
        }

        if (expression.StartsWith("$", StringComparison.Ordinal))
        {
            return jsonPathService.ResolveString(responseJson, expression) ?? string.Empty;
        }

        if (expression.StartsWith("field.", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            || expression.StartsWith("context.", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            || expression.StartsWith("connection.", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            || expression.StartsWith("step.", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            return ResolveTemplate($"{{{{{expression}}}}}", state);
        }

        return expression;
    }

    private static bool MatchesExpected(string? expected, string? actual)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(expected))
        {
            return !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(actual)
                   && !string.Equals(actual, "0", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                   && !string.Equals(actual, "false", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        }

        return string.Equals(actual?.Trim(), expected.Trim(), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
    }

    private static bool LooksUnauthorized(string? message) =>
        !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(message)
        && (message.Contains("登录", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            || message.Contains("未登录", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            || message.Contains("auth", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            || message.Contains("expired", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));

    private static Dictionary<string, string> ExtractCookies(HttpResponseMessage response)
    {
        var cookies = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        if (!response.Headers.TryGetValues("Set-Cookie", out var values))
        {
            return cookies;
        }

        foreach (var raw in values)
        {
            var firstPart = raw.Split(';', 2)[0];
            var separator = firstPart.IndexOf('=');
            if (separator <= 0)
            {
                continue;
            }

            var name = firstPart[..separator].Trim();
            var value = firstPart[(separator + 1)..].Trim();
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
            {
                cookies[name] = value;
            }
        }

        return cookies;
    }

    private static IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, string>> ResolveFormValues(JsonNode bodyNode)
    {
        if (bodyNode is not JsonObject bodyObject)
        {
            return [];
        }

        return bodyObject
            .Where(item => item.Value is not null)
            .Select(item => new KeyValuePair<string, string>(item.Key, item.Value!.ToJsonString().Trim('"')));
    }

    private static double? ResolveNullableDouble(JsonNode? node, string? path)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
        {
            return null;
        }

        var service = new SimpleJsonPathService();
        var resolved = service.ResolveString(node, path);
        return double.TryParse(resolved, out var value) ? value : null;
    }

    private static IReadOnlyList<PlatformCookieMappingDto> DeserializeCookieMappings(string? json) =>
        DeserializeList<PlatformCookieMappingDto>(json);

    private static IReadOnlyList<PlatformOutputVariableDto> DeserializeVariableMappings(string? json) =>
        DeserializeList<PlatformOutputVariableDto>(json);

    private static IReadOnlyList<T> DeserializeList<T>(string? json)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(json))
        {
            return [];
        }

        try
        {
            return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<List<T>>(json, JsonOptions) ?? [];
        }
        catch
        {
            return [];
        }
    }

    private static T? Deserialize<T>(string? json)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(json))
        {
            return default;
        }

        try
        {
            return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(json, JsonOptions);
        }
        catch
        {
            return default;
        }
    }

    private sealed record StepExecutionResult(JsonNode? ResponseJson);
}